| FAMOUS VARIETIES OF GRAPES IN TRANSCARPATHIA MINERALS OF TRANSCARPATHIA OTHER Transcarpathian Museum |
Therefore, it is worth mentioning that at the moment the main part of Transcarpathia's economy is concentrated in agriculture. The main crops here are: forage crops, grapes, potatoes, flax, rye, oats, maize, sunflowers, tobacco-plant, early vegetables, mangel and fruit. The main farm animals are as follows: sheep (sheep breeding in polonynas (valleys in the mountains), pigs, cows (milk- and- meat cattle breeding), hens and bees (Carpathian breed).
Naturally, we start with the glory of our homeland - its vineyards. The first marketable plantations of vines appeared in Transcarpathia in the third century BC. By the way, bushes of wild grapes still grow on Mount Chorna in Vynohradiv district. Nowadays the main areas of marketable wine-making in Transcarpathia are Uzhhorod, Mukachevo, Berehovo, Irshava and Vynohradiv districts.
Species V. Berlandieri (varieties): Kobera 5-BB, Teleki 8-B.
Species V. Ripariya (varieties): Ripariya (Portalis).
Species V. Rupestriya (varieties): Aurora (Zeibel' N 5279), Sasorosh (Kuderk N 503).
Other varieties: Moldova, Chaush, Cardinal, Shasla bila (white), rozheva (pink), muskatna (mace), petrushkova (parsley), phioletova (violet), Muscat Ottonel', Odeskyy ranniy (early), Pozhoni bilyy (white), Polumya Tokaya (flame of Tokay), Alphona Lavalle, Koroleva vynohradnykiv (queen of vineyards), Koroleva Yelyzaveta (Queen Elisabeth), Seiv Villar, Italia, Bikan, Saperavi, 40 rokiv Zhovtnya (40 years of October revolution), Alikant Bushe, Kopcha, Leanka korolivska, Sil'vaner, Holubok pivnichnyy (northern), Delavar bilyy (white), Zolodyond'.
TABLE WINES: Rysling italiyskyy (Italian) and reinskyy (Rhine), Muller Turgau, Phurmint, Lypovyna, Traminer rozhevyy (pink), Leanka, Madlen Anzhevin.
CHAMPAGNE WINES: Leanka, Rysling reinskyy (Rhine), Traminer rozhevyy (pink).
TABLE GRAPES: Perlyna Saba, Irshayi Oliver, Shasla, Matyash Yanosh, Muscat Tayirovskyy and Hamburgskyy (Hamburg), Karaburnu.
SWEET WINES: Muller Turgau, Traminer rozhevyy (pink), Muscat peitskyy, Phurmint, Lypovyna, Bastardo maharadskyy, Cabernet Sauvignon.
FAMOUS TRANSCARPATHIAN WINES: Troyanda Zakarpattya, Serednyanske, Promenyste, Berehivske, Hrono Zakarpattya, Perlyna Karpat, Starovynnyy zamok, Irshavske.
In the field of industrial production, the following are worth mentioning: engineering and metal-working industry (prefabricated ferro-concrete elements and parts, cast-iron mouldings, metal-cutting lathes, alternating current electric motors, meters, automation processes and spare parts, computer engineering and spare parts - Kolchyno, Kobyletska Polyana, Mukachevo, Uzhhorod), food industry (cereals, mineral waters, non-alcoholic and strong drinks, confectionery, dried fruit, tinned and bottled fruit and vegetables, mayonnaise, ketchup, dairy produce, oil, flour, bread and bakery, meat and fish products, mustard, bottle-feeding - Velykyy Bereznyy, Serednye, Irshava, Tyachiv, Vynohradiv, Mukachevo, Uzhhorod), light industry (sewing products, underwear, outer knitted wear, leather footwear, felt hats, cotton fabrics - Vynohradiv, Khust, Mukachevo, Uzhhorod), industry of building materials (brick, tiles, lime - Khust, Vynohradiv, Uzhhorod), wood, wood and chemical and cellulose industry (wood processing products, saw-timber, cardboard, charcoal, plywood, furniture, timber - V. Bychkiv, Rakhiv, Perechyn, Svalyava, Mizhhirya, Volovets, Ust'-Chorna, Teresva, Dovhe, Mukachevo, Uzhhorod, Vylok), extractive industry (extraction of minerals - Muzhiyevo, Kamyanytsya, Ilnytsya, Solotvyno), and a separate field power engineering (Tereblya-Ritska hydroelectric power station, Uzhhorod thermo-hydroelectric power station, 3 international lines of electricity transmission).
Communications in Transcarpathia are presented by services of mobile, local, intercity, documentary communication, business lines, video conferences, internet and paging. There are 333 automatic telephone exchanges: 62 city and 271 village ones - 140.000 telephone subscribers altogether. Two fibre-optic lines run through Transcarpathia: Uzhhorod - Slovakia, Uzhhorod - Hungary. Post: Central post office in Uzhhorod, 12 district post offices, 395 departments.
First place among non- production fields is occupied by health resort and recreational, and tourist spheres. There are 15 sanatoriums, 16 sanatorium-preventive clinics, 3 holiday hotels and 25 holiday homes. The most famous among them are: Sonyachne Zakarpattya, Polyana, Dzherelo kryshtaleve, Kvitka Polonyny, Verkhovyna, Karpaty, Perlyna Karpat, Synyak, Shayan, Hirska Tysa, Kooperator, allergologic hospital in Solotvyno, Kvasnyy potik, Soleni Mlaky, Choven, Soymy.
When talking about the economy of Transcarpathia, it is important to take into account the traditional folk handicrafts, which are still widespread in various areas of our region:
EMBROIDERY - Volosyanka, V. Bereznyy, Lyuta, V. Bychkiv, Luhy, V. Heyevtsi, Perechyn, Turytsya, Bushtyno, Kolochava, Hanychi
WEAVING - Volosyanka, Lyuta, Turytsya, Volovets', Synevyr, Uhlya, Luhy, V. Bychkiv, Kelechyn, Keretsky, Kushnytsya, Lalovo
KNITTING - Lalovo, Holyatyn, Kvasy, Luhy, Bohdan, Yasinya, Chorna Tysa, Luh, Lazeshchyna, Hanychi.
FURRIERY - Chorna Tysa, Bohdan, Luhy, Lazeshchyna
WILLOW WEAVING - Iza, Uzhhorod, Vyshkovo
COOPERAGE - Lazeshchyna, Bohdan, Kosivs'ka Polyana, Ust'-Chorna, Drahovo, Dovhe
POTTERY - Uzhhorod, Berehovo, Tekovo, Korolevo, Vynohradovo, Khust, Vyshkovo, Irshava, Vilkhivka
DECORATIVE METAL PROCESSING - Vilkhivka, Kobyletska Polyana, Korolevo, Teresva, Khust, Uzhhorod, Mukachevo, Luh
DECORATIVE WOOD PROCESSING - V. Bereznyy, Poroshkovo, Perechyn, V. Bychkiv. Volovets', Zhdenevo, Mizhhirya, Vary, Berehovo, Kolchyno, Svalyava, Uzhhorod, Mukachevo, Luhy, Chorna Tysa, Bohdan, Rakhiv, Bilyn, Kvasy, Drahovo, Tyachiv, Hanychi, Ust'-Chorna
DECORATIVE STONE PROCESSING - Mukachevo, Irshava.
Transcarpathia has quite a broad network of cultural and educational institutions:
MUSEUMS: Uzhhorod (Castle-Museum of Local Studies, Museum of Architecture and Mode of Life, Arts Museum, Memorial Art Museums, Zoological Museum), Mukachevo (Castle-Museum of Local Studies), Zarichevo (Museum 'Lemkivska sadyba'), Lysychevo (Museum 'Kuznya'), Kolochava (Museum of Ivan Olbrakht), Synevyr (Museum of Floating), Solotvyno (Museum of Salt-Miners). In total there are 1817 relics and monuments of history, culture and art, 496 of them being of archeology, 1273 of history and 48 of art.
THEATRES: Uzhhorod - Ukrainian Music and Drama Theatre, Puppet-Show, Mukachevo - Regional Russian Drama Theatre, Berehovo - Hungarian Theatre.
SHOW CENTRES: circuses 'Yatsko' and 'Druzhba', Zarichevo, Khust, Mukachevo, Uzhhorod.
EDUCATION: 710 schools (22,000 people), 19 technical colleges (12,500 people), 16 higher education institutions (22,000 people), 3 boarding houses for children, 6 boarding houses for adults, 1 boarding school (200 people), 1 orphanage for babies (orphans and abandoned babies) (200 people), 3 orphanages (orphans and abandoned children) (160 people), 657 kindergartens (38,900 people).
Museum of Local Studies
It is located in Uzhhorod castle. The museum occupies 30 chambers. The fund has
over 100.000 exhibits. The groups of exhibits are as follows: collection of bronze
articles, numismatic collection, collection of arms, manuscripts, books published
before the 18th century, valuable periodicals, collection of casts, collection
of shop handicraft, collection of folk musical instruments, collection of folk costumes
and embroidery, natural department, archaeological department, collection of clocks.
The interesting exhibits are herbaria, 20 biogroups and dioramas.
Arts Museum
It houses over 2000 works of art: paintings, drawings, and sculptures. There are
paintings by Russian artists of the 19th and the beginning
of the 20th centuries Kiprenskyy, Makovskyy, Shyshkin, Tropinin,
Aivazovskyy; Ukrainian artists Shevchenko, Trutovs'kyy, Slastion,
Vasylkivskyy, Murashko, Yablonska; Transcarpathian artists
Erdeli, Bokshay, Svyda, Sholtes, Kashay, Hlyuk, Kotsky, Harapko, Kontratovych,
Hraba and others; foreign and Hungarian artists of the second half
of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries such as Munkacha, Reves,
Novak, Kolarzhyk, Rudnaya. There is a chamber of icon-painting.
French, Austrian, German artists of the 17th and 18th centuries are also represented in the Museum.
Zoological Museum
There is a collection of 150 specimens of Transcarpathian fauna.
The Museum also has a number of exotic animals: a dolphin, a tiger,
an orang-outang, a gibbon, monkeys, an ostrich emu, a crocodile, a zebra,
a boa, a cobra, a sea-snake, an ounce, a saiga; and exotic sea animals:
a shark, an electric ray, a squid, an octopus and various types of crayfish.